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6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(Nc Model.)

W. J. BURNSIDE.

I BRINTING TBLBGRAPH. No. 269,634. Patented Dec. 26, 1882.r

C@ 'TECH Wzjmwmf I s fMf fr' @Mmfw mm 5MM@ yal/inw 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. J. BURNSIDB. PRINTING TELBGRAPH.

Patented Dec.'26, 1882.

(N0 Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. J. BURNSIDE.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Deo. 26, 1882.

N. P EIERS. Phan-Humm waaingtm. uc.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. J. BURNSIDE.

PRINTING TBLBGRAPH.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. W. J. BURNSIDE.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 269,634. Patented Deo. 26, 1882.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

W. J. BURNSIDE.

PRINTING TBLBGRAPH.

No. 269,634. Patented Dec. 26, 1882.

Fig. J0.

N. PETERS. PMlvbihngnvhar. Wnhinglm D.C

Y itlrren STATES afrnnrl Ormes@ NVILLIAM JOHN BURNSIDE, OF HILCO'I COURT ROAD, LOWER NORWOOD, COUNTY OF SURREY, ENGLAND.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 269,634, dated December 26, 1882.

Application tiled Muyl, 1892. (No model.) Patented in England April 1S, 1882, No. 1,53.

1o Il whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLiAM JOHN BURN- sIDE, a subject ot' the Queen of Great Britain, residing` at Hilcot Oourt Road, Lower Nor- 5 wood, in the county ot' Surrey, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Transmitting and Receiving Apparatus for Irinting-Telegraphs, (for which a provisional specication has been lodged by me in Great ro Britain, No.1,853, dated 18th April, 1882,) of

which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its objeotimlirovements in transmitting' and receiving apparatus for printing-telegraphs.

In the receiving-instruments of typeprinting telegraphs I employ, as in the receiving-in strnments of other printing-telegraphs, a typewheel to which a step-by-step revolving motion is imparted, such step-by-step movements zo being controlled by a series ot' electrical pulsations, alternately of opposed polarity, which are transmitted trom the sending station. The pulsations canse a rapid to-and-tro vibration between electro magnets of an armature z5 mounted on an axis, which also carries escapementpallets acting with an escapement-wheel on the axis ofthe type-wheel, The axis 0f the type-wheel may either be driven by a train ot' clock-work or the revolving motion may 3o be given to the escapement-wheel by the toandfro movementot' thepallets. In the above respects the apparatus possesses no novelty. The to-and-'fro oscillations ofthe armature are controlled by fixed stops situated on either side of a projection extending from it away from the axis. The currents are made to pass not only through the coils ofthe above-mentioned electro-magnets, but also through the coils ot' another electro-magnet employed to 4o actuate the impression or printing` lever. The weight ofthe lever and armature tends to cause the armature. to drop away from the magnet. A spring also tends to. draw away the armay ture, as in the receiving-instruments of other printing-telegraphs before made. So long as the alternate currents are passing through the coils of the electro-magnet the armature is not drawn up to the magnet; but so soon as the reversals ot' the current cease and a current ot' either kind continues for a slightly longer time the armature, in connection with the printing or impression lever, is drawn to its magnet, and the pad or platen carried by the lever strikes the paper against the type ot' the type-wheel, which is then opposite to it.

In order to ne able to set the type-wheel to zero, the axis of the type-wheel. has a radial, pin standing out-'from it. A lever-arm is held by friction to one ot' the axes ot' the train ot' Wheels by which the type-Wheel is driven. The revolving ot' the axis tends to carry the lever-arm into the path of the radial pin on the axis of the type-wheel and stop the typewheel. Each time that the impression-lever is impelled toward the type-wheel a claw up- 6 on the leverturnsthe arm away from the type- Wheel to such a distance that lthe type-wheel is free to make somewhat more than one complete revolnton before the detent can come into the path ot the radial pin, so that the type-wheel canalways be brought to Zero it' allowed to turn for more than, say, one 'complete revolution without printing.

The type-wheel I prefer to form of ebonite surrounded by a strip ot' soft vulcanized india-rubber, standing out from which are the several letters and characters. Theseareinked, as heretofore, by a small revolving cylindrical pad or roller charged with ink, which rests lightly against one point ot' the circumference ofthe type-wheel. By using one ofthe aniline inks the soft-rubber surface ot' the type-wheel can be kept charged with ink for along time. To give the requisite forward travel to the strip ot' paper, the impressiondever carries a pawl to act with the teeth of a ratchetwheel on the axis ot'a ronghened roller, over which the strip of paperis led. As the impression-lever moves yback away from the typewheel the pawl turns the wheel one tooth, anda lixed pin then holds the pawl against the wheel and prevents the wheel overrnnning. Another pawl carried by a fixed pin prevents the wheel from turning back in thc reverse direction. In this way the paper is moved forward a distance after each 95 impression.

In place of the pawl carried by a fixed pin, I sometimes tix the pawl onto the impression lever, the impression-lever thus carrying two pawls, which act alternately into the teeth ot' the ratchet-wheel on the axis ot' a roughened roller, above mentioned. Yly this means I diminish the play of the lever by one-halt". The paper is held down onto the above-mentioned roughened roller by another roller held down ontoit by alight spring. This roller is also prevented from turning in the reverse direction by irsliring catch or pawl catching into teeth formed around its circumference.

The transmitter for sending reversed curients I construct of a revolving spindle, with a radial arm standing ont from it, into the path ot' which one or other ot` a number ot'stop-pins can be brought by the depression of a tingerkey and be caused to arrest the movement of the spindle at various points of its revolution, according to the letter or sign to be printed. Ihen a key has been depressed it remains down until another key is depressed. The. depression of this second key is made to lit't the first key to its previous position, so liberating the spindle and allowing it to revolve until stopped by the stop-pin of the second fingerkey. Upon the spindle is a metallic wheel, against the circumference ot' which rests a wire brush. Strips of ivory or some other non-conducting material are let into the circumference ot'themetallicwheel,so thatitseircumterenceis composed oi" alternate strips ot' conducting and non-conductingmaterial. '1`hewheeliseonnected to one pole of a battery and the brush to the other. When the brush rests on any part ot' the metallic surface ofthe wheel the circuitis completed, but when it rests on the ebonite the circuitl is broken. The circuit is made to pass through the coils ot' an electmanagnet. 'lhe armature ot this magnet is alternately attracted to the magnet and drawn from it by a spring as the electric circuit is completed or broken. The armature is thus made to vibrate to and fro. The armature carries two metallic strips insulated from one another. Above and below each strip is a contact-point. The strips strike these points alternately as the armature moves to and fro, and in so doing etl'ects reversals in another electric circuit. In this manner rapid reversals ot' the current in this second circuit are obtained whenever the wheel above mentioned is revolved, and whenever lhe wheel ceases to revolve a current ot' one or other kind will be passingcontinuously along the line. In order that the wheel may start quickly whenever its axis is liberated, the axis is coupled by a coiled spring to the shaft, which drivesit. This driving-spring has therefore only to overcome the inertia ot' the wheel and its axis to start it into motion. In this way I insure that the tirst reversals of the currents in the main circuit shall be sufficiently rapid to avoid all chance of the impression-lever ot' the priMing-instruments in the circuit-being brought into action until the than it otherwise could be.

revolving of the transmitter-wheel is again arrested.

On Sheets 1, 2', 3, and 4 ot the drawings annexed'I have shown a receiving-instrument constructed as above described.

Figure 1 is a front view ot' the instrument; Fig. 2, aloft-hand'end view; and Fig. 3, a vertical section taken through the lille 1 1, Fig. 2, and looking toward the right hand. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the instrument, and Fig. 5 shows a diagram view ot' the magnet-coils to show the way in which the circuit is led through them. Fig. (i shows in plan view theparts by which the type-wheel may, whenever required, be arrested at zero.

1n the instrument shown the type-wheel is driven by a cord and weight; but it might be driven by a train ot' clock-work, as above stated.

A Aare two side plates of the brass frame ot' the instrument. At the bottom they are held at the required distance apart by bars A', and at the top by a bridge-piece, A2. At the lower part of the frame is carried an axis, B, having fast upon ita ratchetwheel, B', and also a barrel, B2, upon which a weighted cord can be wound, and havingalso loose upon it a toothed wheel, C, carrying a pawl, C', which engages with the teeth ofthe ratchet-wheel B', and is thereby driven in the direction shown bythe arrows. The toothed wheelGgears with a pinion, D',on an axis, l). A toothed wheel, D2, on this axis gears with a pinion, E', on an axis, E. A toothed wheel, E2, on this axis gears with a pinion, F', on an axis, F. A toothed Wheel, F2, on this axis gears with a pinion, G', on an axis, G, by which the type-wheel H is carried, so that the type-wheel always tends to revolve in the direction shown by the arrows. On the axis G is also an escapemeut-wheel, G2, the revolution of which is controlled by the toand fro oscillations ot' the escapement-lever 1', which hangs down from an axis, I. The axis has connected to it by a brass connection, 1f, a thin arlnature, 1i', of sheet-iron, which can vibrate to and fro between the ends ofthe cores ot'electro-magnetsJ J'. The oscillations ofthe armature are controlled by an arm, I4, which projects up from it, striking against stops These stops are carried by the bridge-piece A2 ofthe fraaie. By placing the stops in this position the oscillation ot' the armature is very perfectly controlled, as it cannot be bent or deflected in either direction by the action of the magnets, and may therefore be made lighter The iron cores of the electro-magnets J are in contact with the two poles of a permanent magnet, K, and the cores ot' the magnets J' in contact with the poles of the permanent magnet L. The north pole ot' one magnet is opposite to the north pole ot the other magnet, and the south pole ot' the one opposite to the south pole of the other. The helices or coils which surround the cores J J' are so wound that when a currentis passed through them it will produce an opposite etlect in the magnets J to that pro- IOO IOS

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cease@ duced in the magnets J', a positive current reenforcing or strengthening, say, the magnets J and partially or wholly neutralizing the normal magnetism of the magnets J', while the opposite eiect is produced when a negative currentpasses. By this means when aiternating currents are passed through the coils the armature will he made to vibrate to and fro between them. n

M are the electro-magnets which are to work the impression-lever. Their cores are attached to an iron bar, MX, which at its end is secured by screws to the two side plates, A, of the frame. The electric circuit through the helices or coils which surround the cores of the magnets J J' is also lcd through the helices or coils which surround the cores of the magnets M, as shown by the diagram, Fig. 5.

M' is the armature of the magnet M. It is carried by an axis, N, which also has fixed to it the impression-lever O. The iron armature M' is fixed to an arm, M2, of brass, which can 'turn around the axis N, but which is locked by screws, asA shown at Fig. 3, to an arm, M3, which is fast upon the axis. The distance ot' the armature from the magnet can in this way be adjusted. The weight of the armature and the arms which carry it and the weight of the impression-lever all tend to turn the axisN in a direction to withdraw the armature M' away from the electro-magnets M. A spring, U, also tends to draw the armature away from the magnet. One end ot' this spring is attached to the impression-lever O, the other end to a cord which can be wound up more or less around a pin, U', and in this way the force with which the spring draws the impressionlever downward can be adjusted, so that it shall have power enough to propel the paper forward on its descent, and so that the armature M' shall not too readily be drawn upward by the magnet M.

The impressitmlever O is best seen in Fig. 1. the traveling strip ot' paper onto the lowest letterinthetype-wheel. Italsocarriesaguard, (l2, to hold the paper down and keep it down closely over the top of the platen. 1t. also carries a pawl, 0 3, to engage with the teeth ot' a ratchet-wheeh'P. This ratchet-wheel has fast with it a roughened roller, P', over which the strip ot' paper is led. The ratchet-wheel P and roughened roller P' turn on a pin, P2, which stands out from the frame ot' the machine. The pawl O3 is acted on by a spring, 04, fixed to the impression-lever. The spring turns the pawl in a direction to make it engage with the ratchet-wheel. As the impression-lever descends away from the type-wheel the pawl turns the ratchet-wheel, and the back ot' the pawl then comes against a pin, Q, which stands out from the frame. The pawl therefore cannot get away from the ratchet-wheel and the wheel cannot turn farther than it is propelled by the pawl'. A pawl, R, turning upon a xed pin, R', prevents the ratchet-wheel turning It carries a ilaten, 0' forstrikln upward'- backward; but', as before stated, this second pawl I sometimes tix on the impression-lever,

in which case a second pin, similar to Q, is tixed to the frame, and thus locks the pawl when the impression-lever is held up, in a similar manner to that already described with the first-mentioned pawl. The paper is held down onto the roughened surface of the roller P' by a roller, S. This roller is carried by a forked lever-arm, S', which turns around a fixed pin, T. The lever-arm S' has fixed to it a light spring, S2, which bears upon a xed pin, S3, and the roller S is thereby pressed downward onto the surface ot' the roller P'. The central portion ot' the roller S has tine ratchet-teeth cut across it, and a small tooth at the extremity ot' a light spring, S4, fixed tothe lever-arm, engages with these teeth and prevents the roller from turning backward. This insures that the paper shall not be drawn backward when the impression-lever moves upward.

V is a lever-arm on the end ot' the axis E. It can turn around the end ot' they axis, but is held by friction up to a shoulder upon it by means of a spring, V', as shown at Fig. (i. One end of the st )ringistixed to the arm. The other bears against a collar carried at the end of the axis E.

G is a radial pin extending from the axis G. 1t' the lever V is allowed to turn so that its bent-over end gets into the path of this radial pin, the axis G is prevented from turning'. 1n the boss of the lever V is a notch, V2. Each time that the im pression-lever rises a claw, O5, on the impression-lever O catches into this notch and turns the arm back away from the axis G, so that it will take a certain number ot' turns ot' thc axis G without printing before the arm can get intothepath ot' the radial pin. L

The type-wheel is made. of ebonite or other equivalent hard substance, and its circumference is surrounded by a band ot' elastic vulcanizedindia-rubber, which all arounditsouter circumference has standing out from it and formed in one piece with it the letters of t-he alphabet and numeralsorothersymbols. This elastic band is secured by cement to the circumference ofthe ebonite wheel. The surface ot' the letters and numerals is kept continually charged with ink by a small roller, NV, covered with absorbent material charged with .one of the aniline inks. and which rests against the circumference oil the wheel. It is carried -b a forked lever-arm, W' which turns u )on a paratus for obtaining intermittent currents;

Fig. 9, a plan view of the same.

A A are the series of bell-crank iinger-keys, rangedinaeircle. Theirlowerendsrestagainst TCO IlO

, a small endless chain, 13, which rests against .numerous small rollers, C, ranged in a circle.

The chain is also passed around a roller, D2, which, as shown, can be. moved toward or away l'roin the circle ot' rollers C, and the chain thereby tightened up or loosened, tllere being suiticient slack to allow of one iinger being depressed at a time. Then any one finger-key is depressed it presses against the chain and bends it inward between two ofthe rollers C, and when subsequently any other linger-key is depressed the finger-key lirst depressed will be raised by the chain to its normal position. When any one key is depressed its end comes into the path ot' the radial arm D', which extends outward from the axis D and obstructs the revolution otthis axis. On the axis is the metallic wheel E, the circumference ol' which has let into it at equally-spaced intervals strips ol' non-conducting material.

I is a wirel brush bearing against the circumference ot the wheel. As shown in the diagram view, Fig. 10, the axis ot' the wheel is connected to one pole ol' a battery, G. The brush is connected to the other.

So far the apparatus is the. same as apparatus which has long been used; but iu place of, as heretolore, driving` the axis D directly hy a train ot' gearwheels driven `by a cord and weight, I drive the axis D from the train of' drivinggeanthrough an interposed coiled spring, H, as shown at Fig. 8, iu order that the axis l) may rapidly be set into motion whenever it'is set tree to revolve.

yI`he circuit from thel battery G- is, as shown in the diagram, llig. 1U, carried through the coils of an electro-magnet, I. The armature of this magnet can roel; on pivots l, and is held away from the magnet by a spring, J. The armature carries two metallic strips, l L, insulated't'rom it by interposed blocks ot noneonducting material. When the arniature is held away from the magnet by the spring J the ends otl the strips K are drawn against conical 'contact-points M N, while when the armature is drawn to the magnet the strips are drawn against conical contact-points O P. Small perforations are made, as shown, in the ends ot the strips for the conical contactpoints to enter, as shown, to obtain good contacts. The contact-points O N are coupled to one pole of a battery and the contact-points M .P to the other pole of the battery. lhe con- Iaet'strip K is ill connection with the line, the strip L to earth. In this way rapidly-reversed currents are sent through the line-circuit whenever the wheel E ot' the transmitter apparatus isallowed to revolve, and whenever the wheel E stops a continuous current ot' one or other hind passes continuously, as above explained.

I am aware that a unison-lever vibrated directly by the impression-lever, under au organization in some respects similar to that herein shown, is old, and I make no claim broadly to such subject-matter, but limit my- -selt' to the special organization shown. I am also aware that it has heretofore been proposed to malte a type-wheel in a priming-telegraph entirely ot' rubber, and I therefore make no claim to such subject-matter.

The right to hereal'ter file another application upon the special type-wheel herein dcscribed, and also the right to hereafter claim in another application or applications any subject-matter herein disclosed butuotspecitieally claimed is reserved.

Having thus described my invention, I would state that I do not claim the action ot' the escapement, which may be worked by any ot' the ordinary forms ot' polarized armatures; but

I claim- Il. The combination ot' the arm V, having` the notched boss, held b v triction to the axis 1C, the radial pin G on the axis of the typewheel, and the claw Oon impression-lever O,

which claw enters a notch, V2, in the boss ot' the arm V, and so operates as to move the arm V back when the impression-lever O rises, the parts all acting together, substantially as described.

2. The combination ot' parts l'orgivinga l'orward travel to the strip ot' paper alter each impression, consisting ot' impression-lever t), carrying pawl U3, pin Q for locking this pawl, the roughened roller I, the roller S and spring S2 for pressing the strip ot' paper against the roughened roder l, and spriug-pmvl S4 for preventing roller bt'rom turning in wrong` direction, substantially as described.

3. In combination with the linger-stops A, axis l), radial arm1),eoutact-WheelE, coupled to one pole ol" a battery, and brush 1, restingr against the wheel and coupled to the other pole ot the battery, the coiled springI'I, secured at one ot' its ends to the a-Xis l) and at its opposite end to an axis which can be rapidly re volved by a weight or spring or otherwise, for the purpose described.

4. The combination, in a priating-telegraph, ofthe contact-wheel E, mechanism for im partA ing motion to it when it is set t'ree to rotate, and an interposed coiled spring, one end ot' which is fast to the shat't ot' the wheel and the other to the actuating mechanism, substantially as and l'or the purpose set forth.

WILLIAM J() HN BURNSIDE.

\Vitnesses:

` JOHN Wit'rr,

THOMAS JoHN OsMAN, v Bot/L of 17 Gruccc/tmc/z/ Street, London.

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